Plain-English explanations for common appraisal terminology
This appraisal estimates the value of a property as of the date a person passed away. Often required for probate court or IRS reporting (Form 706), this type is commonly a retrospective appraisal.
A retrospective appraisal determines the value of a home on a past date, rather than today. The most common use is for probate and legal cases, where the value must reflect a specific historical date.
This is how appraisers estimate the value of specific features — like pools, garages, or ADUs. We compare two nearly identical homes that differ by just one feature, then use that difference to make adjustments.
The price a property would reasonably sell for in an open, competitive market — with no pressure on either party. It's the value expected in estate settlement and tax reporting.
The property being appraised. All comparisons and adjustments are made in relation to this property.
Appraisers adjust the sale prices of comparable homes to reflect differences in features, size, condition, and location — bringing them in line with the subject property.
The date the appraisal value applies to. For estate or probate work, it's often the date of death or the filing date with the court.
This means the report was prepared and signed by a licensed or certified appraiser, following industry standards and legal requirements. It ensures credibility and compliance.
The most profitable, legally permissible use of a property. It's relevant when a property's current use isn't necessarily the most valuable use (e.g., teardown or redevelopment site).
Real property includes land and anything permanently attached (like buildings). Personal property includes movable items like furniture or appliances — and is typically excluded from an appraisal.